Matveev A.
BIODIESEL: A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE FOR MARINE POWER SYSTEMS *
Аннотация:
this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of biodiesel in the decarbonization of the shipping industry. Acknowledging the urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the predicted growth in freight volume, the adoption of biofuels such as biodiesel is discussed
Ключевые слова:
Biodiesel, Shipping Industry, Decarbonization, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), Hydrogenated Vegetable Oils (HVO), Renewable Energy
DOI 10.24412/2712-8849-2023-663-953-956
УДК 620.9
Matveev A.
Master of Science in Marine Engineering, Second Engineer
Stolt Tankers B.V.
(Saint Petersburg, Russia)
BIODIESEL: A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
FOR MARINE POWER SYSTEMS
Abstract: this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of biodiesel in the decarbonization of the shipping industry. Acknowledging the urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the predicted growth in freight volume, the adoption of biofuels such as biodiesel is discussed.
Keywords: Biodiesel, Shipping Industry, Decarbonization, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), Hydrogenated Vegetable Oils (HVO), Renewable Energy.
Introduction
Biodiesel, formally known as Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), is a renewable fuel produced from various sources such as vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled cooking oil. It can be utilized in standard diesel engines without significant modifications, hence its potential in revolutionizing marine power systems.
The urgency to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, particularly in the shipping industry, underscores the importance of transitioning to biofuels like biodiesel. However, while the advantages of using biodiesel are many, its implementation poses a complex set of challenges. This paper aims to provide an in-depth analysis of biodiesel's role in the shipping industry, its potential benefits, and challenges, as well as suggesting a strategy for its successful implementation.
The Need for Biodiesel in Shipping
The shipping industry, responsible for at least 2.5% of global carbon dioxide emissions, has a pivotal role to play in global decarbonization efforts. The predicament arises when freight volume is predicted to increase by up to 250% by 2050. To balance this growth while still reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the industry is considering sustainable alternatives like biodiesel.
Biodiesel's Potential Benefits and Challenges
Biodiesel's benefits are not limited to reduced emissions. It possesses a higher flashpoint (over 93°C) than conventional diesel, indicating a lower risk of accidental ignition. Furthermore, biodiesel is biodegradable, non-toxic, and its use can be considered CO2-neutral, as the CO2 released during combustion is recaptured by the feedstock plants during their growth.
However, biodiesel is not without its drawbacks. For instance, it has poor oxidation and thermal stability. This could limit stable storage duration to as short as four weeks, although with additives, this could be extended by 6–12 months. The acidic decomposition products of biodiesel could potentially cause damage to fuel pumps, injectors, and piston rings, indicating the need for regular maintenance and careful monitoring. Additionally, FAME's characteristics also include less stability when blended and a shorter shelf life.
A Comprehensive Strategy for Biodiesel Implementation
A successful biodiesel transition strategy needs to encompass a phased transition, technical retrofitting of ships, comprehensive crew training, and a robust policy framework. Government policies can significantly support the shift, with regulations mandating greenhouse gas emission reductions, tax incentives for renewable fuels, and subsidies for retrofitting ships or constructing new biodiesel-optimized vessels.
The policy framework, however, should address gaps in the current International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations. For instance, the mandates should include life-cycle assessments for alternative fuels, giving a holistic understanding of their environmental impact.
Potential Solutions and Future Directions
Biofuels like FAME and Hydrogenated Vegetable Oils (HVO) can be blended with conventional fuels or used as drop-in fuels substituting fossil fuels. HVO, for instance, can directly be used in existing installations without major technical modifications, making it an excellent candidate for immediate implementation.
However, the cost aspect of biodiesel cannot be ignored. While the operational costs for biofuel systems are expected to be comparable with those for fossil-fuelled vessels, the initial costs associated with retrofitting and transitioning, as well as the higher cost of biofuels, could pose a challenge.
Examples of Biodiesel Use
HVO is currently used on board three ferries operating in Norway, and no negative effects have been reported to date. The case provides a promising outlook on the implementation of biodiesel, demonstrating that it is a feasible and practical solution for sustainable shipping.
Moreover, some shipping companies have begun trials using biodiesel blends, exploring the fuel's potential advantages and challenges in real-world conditions. These pilot programs will offer valuable insights that can guide future biodiesel adoption strategies.
Conclusion
While challenges exist, the environmental, economic, and social benefits of transitioning to biodiesel in the shipping industry far outweigh the obstacles. Biodiesel has the potential to play a significant role in the global energy market and shipping decarbonization efforts. Further research, coupled with a comprehensive policy framework, and innovative technological advancements, will undoubtedly pave the way for broader biodiesel adoption, steering us towards a sustainable shipping future.
REFERENCES:
Номер журнала Вестник науки №6 (63) том 4
Ссылка для цитирования:
Matveev A. BIODIESEL: A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE FOR MARINE POWER SYSTEMS // Вестник науки №6 (63) том 4. С. 953 - 956. 2023 г. ISSN 2712-8849 // Электронный ресурс: https://www.вестник-науки.рф/article/9298 (дата обращения: 15.05.2024 г.)
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