Butko S.I., Karaev A.V.
EXISTENTIAL UNDERSTANDING OF DEATH BASED ON KIERKEGAARD'S REASONING *
Аннотация:
existential philosophy studies the phenomenon of death and its connection with other concepts, such as borderline situation, existential crisis, search for the meaning of life and fear. The authors of the article draw attention to the fact that many thinkers dealing with this problem come to original conclusions about the value of life. Death is one of the most significant phenomena in existential philosophy. It is seen as a borderline situation that makes a person think about the meaning of his life. The existential crisis arising from the awareness of mortality is also an important aspect of this philosophy. Many thinkers dealing with existentialism come to the conclusion that the search for the meaning of life is one of the key tasks of a person. They believe that only awareness of meaning can help overcome the fear of death and bring a sense of contentment into a person's life. One of the most famous thinkers dealing with the problem of death is Martin Heidegger
Ключевые слова:
satisfaction, crisis, death, being, comprehension
УДК 128
Butko S.I.
Zabaikalsky Institute of Railway Transport
(Chita, Russia)
Karaev A.V.
Zabaikalsky Institute of Railway Transport
(Chita, Russia)
EXISTENTIAL UNDERSTANDING OF DEATH BASED
ON KIERKEGAARD'S REASONING
Abstract: existential philosophy studies the phenomenon of death and its connection with other concepts, such as borderline situation, existential crisis, search for the meaning of life and fear. The authors of the article draw attention to the fact that many thinkers dealing with this problem come to original conclusions about the value of life. Death is one of the most significant phenomena in existential philosophy. It is seen as a borderline situation that makes a person think about the meaning of his life. The existential crisis arising from the awareness of mortality is also an important aspect of this philosophy. Many thinkers dealing with existentialism come to the conclusion that the search for the meaning of life is one of the key tasks of a person. They believe that only awareness of meaning can help overcome the fear of death and bring a sense of contentment into a person's life. One of the most famous thinkers dealing with the problem of death is Martin Heidegger.
Key words: satisfaction, crisis, death, being, comprehension.
Man has always been concerned about the possibility of life after death. Someone wanted to prolong their days on earth, and someone wanted to discover the secrets of a mystical afterlife. Mummification of bodies, the philosopher's stone, creonics, etc. – all these are the fruits of solving this question, which remains unanswered to this day.
In the history of philosophical thought, one can find various, sometimes contradictory points of view on the problem of the finiteness of life and overcoming the fear of death, since death is a fundamental phenomenon of our existence. On the one hand, it is one of the usual givens in the life of any person. On the other hand, almost every individual living on earth realizes at a certain moment that sooner or later the day will come when he will cease to exist in this world. The factor of the inevitability of death causes resistance, the refusal of the mind to accept this reality and a completely natural desire to live forever. The acuteness of this problem was fully manifested in the philosophy of Western European existentialism, where the uniqueness of personal being was put at the forefront.
Existentialism as a terminological word originated in the XIX century with the appearance of the works of the founder of this trend, the Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard. Kierkegaard said that the truth is different for everyone, that is, it is deeply personal and individual, and the attitude to death is inextricably linked with the knowledge of the meaning of life. The search for the meaning of life, perhaps, is the main and, alas, not always feasible, human task [1, p. 62]. In this statement, in the spirit of the philosophy of existentialism, a departure from objectivity and full reliance on self-perception is demonstrated.
The loss of the meaning of being and the awareness of one's finiteness entail an existential crisis. A person may be in a state of internal de-integration, separation or complete external maladaptation. Its existence in this case is determined by three words or three existential data: loneliness, death, freedom. The result of this state is a rethinking of life values, a change of outlook. A person changes his attitude towards himself, from complete rejection to acceptance of a new self.
In connection with the problem of death, existentialists write a lot about borderline situations in which a person can be at the will of circumstances. In a borderline situation, in a state of existential crisis, a person, as a rule, is on the edge of life or in captivity of serious life trials. A borderline or frontier situation is characterized by the fact that at this moment we are not talking about the death of another person (although it can also be a very strong shock for everyone), but about the threat to one's own life. Of course, death will never be a separate experience that someone else can carry out for you [2, pp. 51-52].
It should be emphasized that, unlike many other philosophical theories, in the philosophy of existentialism, death is almost never investigated as a predetermined and therefore natural event. In the works of S. Kierkegaard, M. Heidegger, J.-P. Sartre, A. Camus and other thinkers, it is absolutely devoid of pathos, aggrandizement or any romanticization, but it is of great importance in assessing the events of human life.
Existential philosophy cannot refute the fact that the experience of someone's death is an inseparable quality of life and may be present in a small or larger amount of human experience, or may not exist at all. However, existentialists categorically do not accept the thesis that serenity, the ability to go forward and conquer the conceived is realized without being burdened with constant thoughts about death and fear of it [2, pp. 66-67].
Thus, the existentialists' interpretation of the phenomenon of death is based on absolute individualization and inner feelings of the individual. In interpreting this problem, existentialists urge a person to comprehend his actions, realize the value of life, and search for true meaning in the world.
REFERENCES:
Номер журнала Вестник науки №6 (63) том 3
Ссылка для цитирования:
Butko S.I., Karaev A.V. EXISTENTIAL UNDERSTANDING OF DEATH BASED ON KIERKEGAARD'S REASONING // Вестник науки №6 (63) том 3. С. 648 - 650. 2023 г. ISSN 2712-8849 // Электронный ресурс: https://www.вестник-науки.рф/article/9048 (дата обращения: 17.05.2024 г.)
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